理论建设

全人类共同价值是习近平总书记顺应时代发展、推动构建人类命运共同体而提出的原创性价值体系，它与西方“普世价值”的哲学基础存在本质差异，是对西方“普世价值”的回击与超越。从本体论看，全人类共同价值以现实的人为逻辑起点“，普世价值”以抽象的人为建构基础；从方法论看，全人类共同价值蕴含聚同化异的辩证思想“，普世价值”偏向非此即彼的对立思维；从认识论看，全人类共同价值坚持能动的反映论立场“，普世价值”充斥主观的独断论观点；从历史观看，全人类共同价值遵循唯物史观的精神实质“，普世价值”带有唯心史观的魅惑幻想；从价值论看，全人类共同价值贯彻以人为本的思想理念“，普世价值”固守以资为本的价值取向。深刻理解全人类共同价值与西方“普世价值”的哲学基础差异，有助于世人在廓清价值认知迷雾基础上辨明两者优劣，以求在解决全球治理乱象中凝聚和弘扬全人类共同价值，规避因西方兜售“普世价值”引发的价值危机，为推动构建人类命运共同体、建立公正合理的全球治理体系提供价值支撑。

Common values of humanity are the original value system proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping to conform to the development of the times and promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. It is fundamentally different from the philosophical basis of the "universal value" of the west,and is a response and transcendence of the "universal value" of the west. From the perspective of ontology,common values of humanity are based on the logic of real people,and the "universal value" is constructed based on abstract human. From the perspective of methodology,common values of humanity contain the dialectical thought of shelving and resolving differences,and the "universal value" contains the dichotomous thinking. From the point of view of epistemology,common values of humanity adhere to the position of active reflection theory, and the "universal value" is based on subjective dogmatism. From the perspective of history,common values of humanity follow the spiritual essence of historical materialism,and the "universal value" has the illusion of historical idealism. From the perspective of axiology,the common values of humanity implement the people-centered philosophy,and the "universal value" adheres to the resource-based value orientation. A deep understanding of the philosophical basis differences between the common values of humanity and the "universal value" of the west is helpful for people to distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of the two on the basis of clarifying value cognition,so as to consolidate and advocate common values of humanity in solving the chaos of global governance,avoid the value crisis caused by the prevalence of Western "universal value",promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, and provide value support for establishing a fair and equitable global governance system.